Carbureter.



T. W. KINGS.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED 09130. 1912.

Patented Dec. 1,1914

- stood upon reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with THOMAS W. KINGS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GARBUBETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

Application filed October 30. 1912. Serial No. 728,618.

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, T HOMAS W. K NGs, a subject of the King of Great Britaln, re-

siding in Chicago, county of Cook, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to carbureters, or carbureting mechanism for use with internal combustion engines employ-- ing gasolene, kerosene, or. similar liquid fuel.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide novel mechanism whereby the oil, or other fuel, and the air may be thoroughly mixed and pulverized before being ignited in the engine cylinder, thereby improving the operation of the engine and increasing its efficiency.

In carrying out my invention, I provide a multiplicity of intersecting fuel passages which operate to divide the oil, or other fuel, into fine particles and effectively commingle them with the air. I also arrange the ports by which the fuel and air are admitted to the mixing passage, or chamber, so that the streams of the air and fuel will impinge upon each other tothereby produce a finer and more uniform explosive mixture. And I furthermore add to the effective intermingling of the fuel and air by giving the air a swirling motion as it passes into the passage which leads to the engine cylinder. These several features and advantages of my invention will be more fully underthe accompanying drawing which illustrates one embodiment of my invention, and the scope of the invention will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In said drawing, Figure 1 is a plan view of a 'carbureter constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section taken in general upon a plane indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

the lower right hand portion of the figure. however. being taken on a plane indicated by the line 22 of Fig. 3:. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the complete device: and Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section taken on a plane indicated by the line l-.-t of Fig. 2.

'lhroughout these views like characters refer to like parts. Referring in detail to the drawing, which illustrates one of several embodiments which my invention might assume, 10 designates the outer shell or body of the car bureter, which at one end terminates in a reduced portion 11 and at the other end in a flange 12. The reduced portion 11 is provided with an interior thread 13 by which the carburetor may be connected, by means of suitable piping, With the cylinder of the engine to be supplied. The flange 12 abuts against a flange 11 on the head 15, which is integral with a central tubular sleeve 16. The flanges 12 and 14 may be connected together in any suitable way. A

' cylindrical member 17, of substantially the same length as the sleeve 16, is fitted snuglyinto the latter, its flange 18 abutting against the outer end of the sleeve 16. The member 17 is provided with reduced portions 19, 7,5

and 20, which are of smaller diameter than. the interior diameter of the sleeve 16. The remainder of the member 17 is of substantially the same diameter as the interior of the sleeve so that it fits snugly into the latter. A fuel trough 21 extends-transversely about the under side of the casing 10 and is formed integralwith it. The oil, or other fluid is pumped into this trough through an opening 22 at its lowest point, suitable connectings being provided for this purpose. The fuel then rises in the trough up to the level of the top of the overflow pipe which is also provided with suitable connections for carrying the surplus fuel back to the pump. This overflow pipe 23 is also preferably formed integral with the fuel trough 21. A boss 24 on the side of the trough 21 is provided with a passage 25 which leads from the interior of the trough to'an opening 26 in an enlarged portion of the head 15, passages 27 and 28 connecting the opening 26 with passages formed between the sleeve 16 and the member 17. A threaded plug 29 closes the opening 26 and carries a manually operable valve 30 which seats against the boss24: to open and close the passage 25 and to regulate the size of the opening and thereby the flow of fuel through the passages 25, 27 and 28.

The passages through which the fuel passes on its way from passage 28 to the mixing chamber, or passage, within the reduced portion 11 of the shell 10, consist of shown, these passages are diagonally related, but it is apparent that they might be otherwise positioned without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. lln manufacture, these passages are out upon the exterior of the member 17 before it is fitted into the sleeve 16. By reason of this construction, it will be seen that the oil, or other fuel, on its way from passage 28 to the engine cylinder will meet many obstructions in going through the small passages 31 and 32v and will be finely divided as a result. At the same time, air will be admitted to the same passages through openings 35 and 36 and on its passage to the engine cylinder will be similarly treated with the result that the airand oil, or other fuel, will be finely subdivided and thoroughly intermixed as a result of the passage of the two through the small channels 31 and 32. The

passage of the mingled fuel and air into the mixing chamber, or passage, 37, formed within the reduced portion 11 of the shell 10, is controlled by a valve 38, which has a beveled face which seats against a beveled seat upon the inner end of the sleeve 16. This valve 38 is provided with a stem 39 which extends through a longitudinal bore in the member 17 and terminates at its free end in threads upon which the nut 40 is screwed. A compression spring 41 cooperating between the nut 40 and the flange 18 of the member 17 normally holds the valve 38 closed and prevents the passage of mixed air and fuel into chamber 37. However, when the engine is started the suction produced in chamber 37 by the piston will open valve 38 against the tension of its spring 41 and draw the oil or other fuel up through the passages 27 and 28, and thence through the several minute channels 31 and into the chamber 37 and thence to the engine cylinder where it will be ignited. At this point, it may be noted that the passage 28 is formed by drilling through the head 15 and the sleeve 16. The end of the passage is then closed up by a plug screwed lIltl a threaded opening in head 15. In order to still further subdivide the fuel and more thoroughly mix it, I provide an air port 43 which is concentric with the port ccutrolled by valve 38 and immediately adjacent to it. As clearly illustrated, the port and the port controlled by valve 38 are at substantially right angles to each other so that as the mixed fuel and air are admitted into the chamber 37 by valve 38, they will at once encounter a thin stream of air moving at substantially right angles to them. This will still further subdivide the fuel particles and perfect the mixture. The port 43 is providcd between a seat formed on the inner e'ndiuof the sleeve 16 and the outlet end of an auxiliary air valve 44 which is fitted for G longitudinal movement within the shell in response to the suction of the engine but is normally pressed into engagement with the head by compression spring 45. This spring bears at one end against a shoulder 46 upon the exterior of'the valve, and at the other end against a ring 47 positioned so as to bear against the end wall of'the casing 10. A plurality of pins 48 extend through openings in said end wall and into fixed engagement with the ring 47. In this way these pins 48 are movable with the ring 47. The reduced portion 11 of the shell 10 is eX- teriorly threaded for the reception of the threaded ring 49 which is arranged to bear against the outer ends'of the pins 48 to move the ring 47 in or out to vary the adjustment of the coiled spring 45. In this way the sensitiveness of the auxiliary air valve 44 may be readily varied. It will be noted that when the valve 44 is in its normal position, it does not seat against the inner f 1d of the sleeve 16 but the port -13 is slightly opened; and that when the valve is subsequently operated, the port is still further opened. This normal opening therefore provides a port for the admission of air at all times. And consequently, when ever the valve 38 is operated, the stream of mixed air and fuel admitted by it must impinge upon the stream of air admitted through the normally open port 43. Thus, provision is made for this impinging action of the different streams of air and fuel at all times. The air thus supplied through port 43 in the normal position of the valve 44 may be admitted through any suitable I opening in the head 15, such as openings 50, and in the 0 en position of the valve by openings, sue as 52. crease the thoroughness of the mixture I provide spiral vanes 51 upon the exterior of the sleeve 16 and preferably extend them into engagement with the interior surface .of the valve 44. In this way, they serve as guides for the valve and all the air passing through to the port 43 must encounter them and be given a swirling motion. As a result, the stream of air which encounters the mixed air and fuel admitted by valve 38 encounters it not only as a thin stream impinging it at substantially right angles, but also as a swirling spray-like stream, which necessarily increases the thoroughness of the mixture.

In operation, the starting of the engine will produce a suction in the chamber or passage 37, which will draw air through openings 50 and port 43 and the valve 38 will be raised from its seat against the tension of return spring As a result of this operation, the fuel which stands in the vertical passage 27 at the top of the overflow pipe 23 will be drawn up into the pas- To still further insage 28 nd thence through the latter and the multipl-v p. :ages 31 and 32 out past the Valve 38 where it will impinge upon the stream of air coming through port -13, and by reason of the swirling action of the latter imparted by the vanes 51, the fuel and air will be thoroughly mixed before entering the engine cylinder. Increased suction in the chamber 37 will cause the auxiliary valve 44 to move against the spring 45 and thereby open the ports 52 to admit an additional supply of air through port 43 to the chamber 37. Obviously, by adjusting the valve 30, the fuel supplied to the carbureter maybe varied at will. Likewise, by scr'ewing or unscrewing the ring 49 and the nut 40, the sensitiveness of the auxiliary valve 44 and of the fuel valve 38, respectively, may be modified.

From the above description, it will be seen that I have produced a carbureter mechanism which thoroughly subdivides and mixes the air and fuel by first causing the air and fuel to pass through a multiplicity of small intersecting channels, then projecting the resulting mixture of air and fuel against a thin stream of air meeting it at substantially right angles thereto, and finally by giving the whole a swirling motion as a result of the swirl given to the stream of air aiiit emerges into the mixing chamber. In bringing about these results, it will be apparent that certain alterations and modifications may be made in the structure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. I aim therefore to cover all such alterations and modifications by the terms of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A carbureter mechanismcomprising a tubular sleeve, a cylindrical member closely fitted into said sleeve, a multiplicity of intersecting passages formed between said sleeve and member and operative to break up and comminglc the fuel and air passing therethrough, means for admitting fuel and air to said passages, a valve movable relative to said sleeve and member .to'control the discharge of mixed air and fuel from said passages, and a passage for conducting the mixed fuel and air thus discharged from said intersecting passages to the engine cylinder to be supplied.

2. A. carbureter mechanism comprising a tubular sleeve, a cylindrical member closely fitted into said sleeve, a multiplicity of intersecting passages formed between said sleeve and member andoperative to break up and commingle the fuel and air passing theret rough, means for admitting air and fuel tosaid passages, a valve having a stem extending through an axial opening in said member and operative to control the discharge of mixed air and fuel from said passages, a passage for conducting the mixed air and fuel thus discharged from said intersecting passages to the engine cyl-- inder to be supplied, an auxiliaryair' valve positioned outside of said sleeve and movable longitudinally thereof to admit auxiliary air to said conducting passage, and suitable ports and inclosing Walls for said auxiliary valve. 3. A carbureter mechanism comprising a tubular sleeve, a cylindrical member closely fitted into said sleeve, a multiplicity of intersecting passages formed between saidsleeve and member and operative to break up and commingle the fuel and air passing therethrough, means for admitting air and fuel to said passages, a valve having a stem extending through an axial'opening in said member and operative to control the discharge of mixed .air and fuel from said passages, a passage for conducting the mixed air and fuel thus discharged from 3 said intersecting passages to the engine cyl inder to be supplied, an auxiliary air valvel surrounding, and spaced from, said sleeve and having its seat adjacent to the discharge end of said intersecting passages, suitable ports and inclosing walls for said auxiliary air valve, and splral vanes positioned-between the exterior of said sleeve and the interior wall of said auxiliary air valve. for giving the auxiliary air a swirling motion 5 as it passes over the valve eat into contact with the mixed fuel and air discharged from said intersecting. passages into said conducting passage. I

4. A carbureter mechanism comprising a passage adapted to be connected to an en--- I gine cylinder, a sleeve, a member fitted into said sleeve, fuel passages positioned between said sleeve and member and leading toward said connecting passage, an air passage .v

around said sleeve also leading toward said connecting passage, ports for respective fuel and air passages opening into said connect ing passage at substantially right angles to each other so as to'cause a stream of air and no a stream of fuel to impinge upon each other in said connecting chamber, and concentric valves for controlling said ports respectively.

5. A carbureter mechanism comprising a 11k passage adapted to be connected to an engine cylinder, a fuel mixture supply port opening into said passage, a normally closed control valve for said port operative to project said mixture into said passage in a film-like stream, an adjacent air supply port opening into said passage, and a control valve for the latter normally slightly open to initially direct a film-like stream of "air against-said stream of mixture upon theopening of the 1 5' iv mixture control valve and operative under v further engine suction to direct all the air controlled by it in an increased stream against said stream of mixture.

\ 6. A carbureter mechanism comprising a,

passage adapted to be connected to an en-- gine cylinder, a sleeve, a member fitted into said sleeve, a fuel supply passage between said sleeve and member terminating in a fuel supply port at one end of said sleeve and member, an inner control valve for said fuel V said port still more.

7 A carbureter mechanism comprising a passage adapted to be connected to an engine cylinder, 9. central fuel supply passage and port, an outer air supply passage and port both completely encircling said central passage and port, a control valve'for said outer port, and means in said air supply passage for giving a swirling motion to the whole body of air passing through said air supply passage just prior to its emerging through the said port of said passage.

8. A carbureter mechanism comprising a passage adapted to be connectedto an engine cylinder, a fuel supply port opening into said passage, a multiplicity of intersecting passages leading to said port and operative to subdivide the fuel and commingle it with the air passing therethrough, and a valve movable relative to said intersecting passages to control said port.

9. A carburetor mechanism comprising means for subdividing and conuningling the fuel and air by passing it through many small intersecting passages, means for subsequently directing such commingled air and fuel in a film against a film of air at a decided angle thereto, and spiral vanes for giving the latter stream of air a swirling motion.

10. A carbureter mechanism comprising a passage adapted to be connected to an engine cylinder, means for sub-dividing and commingling the fuel and air by passing it through small intersecting passages on its Way to said first-mentioned passage, and means for subsequently directing a film-like stream of air against a film-like stream of manner said commingled fuel and air at a decided angle thereto and so as to initially drive the same away from the walls of said first-mentioned passage toward the center of said first-mentioned passage.

11. A carbureter comprising s; tubular sleeve, a cylindrical member closely fitted into said sleeve, a multiplicity of intersecting passages formed between said sleeve and member and operative to break up and commingle the fuel and air passing therethrough, means for admitting air and fuel to said passages, a passage for conducting the mixed air and fuel discharged from said intersecting passages to the engine cylinder to be supplied, an air valve positioned outside of said sleeve and movable longitudinally thereof to admit air to said conducting passage, and suitable ports and inclosing Walls u. i e

valve for controllingfsaid are port.

13. A carbureter mech ariisim comprising a passage adapted to'be connected to an en gine cylinder, tWo concentric annular ports opening into said passage, means for supplying a mixture of air and fuel to the central port and air to the outer port, and means for causing all of the air discharging from the outer port to strike the film of mixture issuing from the central port at a decided angle and so as to initially drive it inward from the Walls of said passage toward the center of said passage.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 26th day of October, A. D.,

THOMAS XV. KINGS. Witnesses:

'1. H. Fsneuso v, I. LARSEN.

i (topics of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). C." a 

